Friday, September 12, 2008

Pronunciation phenomena

  1. Simplification of external consonant clusters
  2. Sibilant softening (a dying rule)
  3. velar softening (morphological)
  4. vowel-loading and vowel-lightening rules (morphological in part or whole:Look at the note I)
  5. shift of heavy vowels (morphological)
  6. liquid vocalization
  7. synaresis
  8. apical-stop spirantization
  9. u-fronting
  10. n-assimilation
  11. g/b-deletion
  12. vowel-reductions and schwa-deletion
  13. flectional-e deletion
  14. fricative-assimilation and -dissimilation
  15. t-assimilation
  16. d/n-assimilation
  17. apical-fronting
  18. p-assimilation
  19. deletion of inter consonantal apical stops
  20. schwa-epenthisis
  21. sonorant-nuclearization
  22. apical palatalization
  23. lamination of apical siblants
  24. Consonant-changes (Look at the note 2)
  25. consonant-simplification
  26. shwa-sonorant coalascene
  27. postnasal t-deletion and -assimilation
  28. peak neutralization I
  29. backward gemination of sonorants
  30. peak neutralization II (many subrules)
  31. diphtongization
  32. peak-neutralization III
  33. lateral-deletion (morphological)
  34. forward gemination of sonorants
  35. stop-epenthisis
  36. sonorant-degemination
  37. glottalization
  38. assimilation of syllabic-n
  39. glide-deletion
  40. aspiration
  41. glide-blending
  42. Internuclear t-lightening
  43. Creation of stressed ur, er, el
  44. desulcalization with nuclear-lengthening
  45. allegro shwa-assimilation
  46. smooothing
  47. rounding, retroflexion and velar-fronting
  48. peak-neutralization and vowel adjustments--these include many lect-specific rules for in-gliding, retraction, diphthongization after laminopalatals and up-gliding, etc
  49. nasal-absorption
  50. length details
  51. boundary-deletions

Note 1:

  • Lightening before a heavy consonant cluster
  • Tryssylabic lightenin
  • gymnasium-rule
  • loading of prevocalic stressed vowel
Note 2:
  • occlusion I and II
  • intersiblant fricativization
  • v-deletion
  • palatalization before r
  • d-change before syllabic nasal
  • apical-changes in irish english
  • r-deletion in clusters in North America
  • Final "ch"
  • ts-coalescence
  • stop-lenition or disocclusion
  • sonorant-devoicing
  • w-change in british lects

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