Sequence:
f p th s t sh k
/wɑ/: waffle, wapiti, wampum, was, what, wad, wan (wand) wash
/wæ/: wax (whack), wag, wank
r /wɔ/: war, warden, warrant*,
l /wɑ/: wallet, wallaby, walla, Walla Walla, WA, wallop, walrus*, warrant*
l /wɔ/: wall (wall-), walrus*, walnut, walk, Waltham, MA, Walter
Grapheme < oo >
/wu/: whoop, woozy (mostly dialectal)
/wʊ/: whoop, whoosh, wood, woof, wool (woolly), woozy, woomera
Grapheme < u >
/wʊ/: wuss, wurst, whup,
/wə/: whump
Grapheme < ou >
/wʊ/: would, wou'rali
/wə/: would
/wu/: wound (homorganic lengthening)
Grapheme < o >
/wu/: who, whom, whose, womb (homorganic len)
/wʊ/: woman
/wɪ/: women
/woʊ/: won't
/wo/: whole
/wə/: won, wonder,
/wɑ/: whop(per), wobble, wok, wonk(y), wombat
r /wə/: word, world, whorl, worthy, work, worm, worst, worship
r /wɔ/: worn
l /wʊ/: wolf, wolverine, Wolfe, Wolfram,
l /wo/: wold (homorganic len), whole, wholly
Vowel space: /u/ = /w/ = /k/ = /g/
/u/
/ʊ/
/o/
/ə/
/ɔ/
/æ/
/ɑ/
Post-w system:
/w/, /u/, /k/, /g/ are articulated at the same location: velar, dorsal, high.
/æ/ (no change): whack, wag (cf. rag, rack). This, because w (k, g, u) and /æ/ are not close.
/æ/ --> /ɑ/ has, as, gas, rat, rash --> was, what, wash
/u/ --> /ʊ/ food --> good
/ɑ/ --> /ʊ/ golf -> wolf
/ɑ/ --> /ɔ/ harm, card, car -> warm, warden, war (and pre-l system)
/ɑ/ (no change): wobble, whopper, wok, wonky etc.
f p th s t sh k
v b th z d zh g
m n ng
Grapheme < a >
/wɑ/: waffle, wapiti, wampum, was, what, wad, wan (wand) wash
/wæ/: wax (whack), wag, wank
r /wɔ/: war, warden, warrant*,
l /wɑ/: wallet, wallaby, walla, Walla Walla, WA, wallop, walrus*, warrant*
l /wɔ/: wall (wall-), walrus*, walnut, walk, Waltham, MA, Walter
Grapheme < au >
/wɔ/: Mark Waugh, Wauk, Waukesha, WI. Grapheme < oo >
/wu/: whoop, woozy (mostly dialectal)
/wʊ/: whoop, whoosh, wood, woof, wool (woolly), woozy, woomera
Grapheme < u >
/wʊ/: wuss, wurst, whup,
/wə/: whump
Grapheme < ou >
/wʊ/: would, wou'rali
/wə/: would
/wu/: wound (homorganic lengthening)
Grapheme < o >
/wu/: who, whom, whose, womb (homorganic len)
/wʊ/: woman
/wɪ/: women
/woʊ/: won't
/wo/: whole
/wə/: won, wonder,
/wɑ/: whop(per), wobble, wok, wonk(y), wombat
r /wə/: word, world, whorl, worthy, work, worm, worst, worship
r /wɔ/: worn
l /wʊ/: wolf, wolverine, Wolfe, Wolfram,
l /wo/: wold (homorganic len), whole, wholly
Vowel space: /u/ = /w/ = /k/ = /g/
/u/
/ʊ/
/o/
/ə/
/ɔ/
/æ/
/ɑ/
Post-w system:
/w/, /u/, /k/, /g/ are articulated at the same location: velar, dorsal, high.
/æ/ (no change): whack, wag (cf. rag, rack). This, because w (k, g, u) and /æ/ are not close.
/æ/ --> /ɑ/ has, as, gas, rat, rash --> was, what, wash
/u/ --> /ʊ/ food --> good
/ɑ/ --> /ʊ/ golf -> wolf
/ɑ/ --> /ɔ/ harm, card, car -> warm, warden, war (and pre-l system)
/ɑ/ (no change): wobble, whopper, wok, wonky etc.
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